Mu gihe benshi bari bizeye ko umuvuduko w’izamuka ry’ibiciro ku isoko watangira kugabanyuka muri uyu mwaka, imibare mishya y’Ikigo cy’Igihugu cy’Ibarurishamibare (NISR) yagaragaje ko muri Mata 2026 ibiciro ku isoko ry’u Rwanda byazamutse ku kigero cya 13% ugereranyije n’ukwezi nk’uku mu mwaka ushize.
Ni imibare ije mu gihe abaturage benshi bamaze igihe bagaragaza ko amafaranga binjiza atakijyana n’ubuzima bwa buri munsi, cyane cyane ku bijyanye n’ingendo, inzu zo guturamo n’ubuvuzi.
Raporo ya NISR yerekana ko urwego rw’ubwikorezi rwazamutseho 23,7%, ibintu benshi bahuza n’izamuka ry’ibiciro bya lisansi, ibikoresho by’imodoka ndetse n’igiciro cy’ubwikorezi rusange gikomeje kuzamuka buhoro buhoro.
Hari kandi izamuka rya 21,3% mu bijyanye n’amazu, amazi, amashanyarazi, gaz n’ibicanwa, ibintu byerekana uburyo ubuzima bwo mu mijyi bukomeje guhenda cyane kurusha mbere.
Icyakora igikomeje gutera impungenge cyane ni imibare yerekana ko ibiciro by’ubuvuzi byazamutseho 70%, ibintu bishobora kugira ingaruka zikomeye ku miryango ifite ubushobozi buke.
Uko abaturage bari kubyumva mu buzima bwa buri munsi
Nubwo imibare ya NISR iba ishingiye ku bushakashatsi n’ibarurishamibare, ubuzima busanzwe bwo ku isoko ni bwo abaturage baheraho bavuga niba ibintu byoroheye cyangwa byarakomeye.
Mu mujyi wa Kigali no mu yindi mijyi, abantu benshi bavuga ko amafaranga y’urugendo yiyongereye, inzu zikodeshwa zikazamuka buri mezi make, mu gihe n’ibiciro byo kwa muganga bikomeje kugora bamwe.
Hari abaturage bavuga ko mbere amafaranga ibihumbi 50 Frw yashoboraga gutunga urugo icyumweru cyangwa bibiri, ariko ubu ayo mafaranga ashira mu minsi mike kubera izamuka ry’ibiciro.
Abasesenguzi mu bukungu bavuga ko iyo ibiciro by’ubwikorezi bizamutse, bigira ingaruka ku bindi byose kuko ibicuruzwa byinshi biva mu nganda cyangwa mu cyaro bijya ku masoko bisaba gutwarwa.
Ni yo mpamvu kuzamuka kw’ibikomoka kuri transport bishobora guhita bigaragara no ku biribwa, ibikoresho byo mu rugo ndetse n’izindi serivisi.
Ese iri zamuka rifite aho rishingiye?
Mu myaka mike ishize, ubukungu bw’Isi bwagiye buhura n’ibibazo bitandukanye birimo intambara, izamuka ry’ibiciro bya peteroli ku rwego mpuzamahanga n’ihindagurika ry’ibihe byagize ingaruka ku musaruro w’ubuhinzi.
U Rwanda na rwo ntabwo rwabashije kwigobotora izi ngaruka kuko igihugu gikenera ibikomoka hanze byinshi birimo ibikomoka kuri peteroli, imiti n’ibikoresho bitandukanye.
Hari kandi ingaruka z’izamuka ry’umuvuduko w’imijyi, aho abantu benshi bimukira mu mijyi bigatuma inzu zo guturamo zikenerwa cyane kurushaho, bikazamura ibiciro by’ubukode.
Ku bijyanye n’ubuvuzi, bamwe mu basesenguzi bavuga ko izamuka rya 70% rishobora kuba rifitanye isano n’igiciro cy’imiti, ibikoresho byo kwa muganga ndetse na serivisi z’ubwishingizi zigenda zihinduka uko imyaka ishira.
Ikibazo si izamuka ry’ibiciro gusa, ahubwo ni ubushobozi bwo kubyihanganira
Mu by’ukuri, kuzamuka kw’ibiciro si ikibazo cyihariye ku Rwanda gusa, ariko ikibazo gikomeye kiba ku baturage ni uko amafaranga binjiza adakura ku muvuduko ungana n’uw’ibiciro.
Iyo ibiciro bizamutse ariko umushahara ugakomeza kuba wa wundi, abaturage batangira kugabanya ibyo bakoreshaga, bamwe bakava mu mijyi, abandi bagabanya amafunguro cyangwa bakareka serivisi zimwe na zimwe nk’ubwisungane mu kwivuza n’ubwishingizi.
Ni ibintu bishobora kugira ingaruka ku mibereho y’ingo ndetse no ku bukungu muri rusange kuko ubushobozi bwo kugura bugabanuka.
Ese hari icyizere?
Nubwo imibare isa n’iteye impungenge, inzobere zigaragaza ko igenzura ry’izamuka ry’ibiciro risaba igihe, cyane cyane mu bihugu bikiri mu nzira y’amajyambere.
Icyakora hari abemeza ko kongera umusaruro w’imbere mu gihugu, guteza imbere ingufu zihendutse no korohereza ubwikorezi bishobora kugabanya umuvuduko w’izamuka ry’ibiciro mu gihe kiri imbere.
Hari kandi icyizere gishingiye ku kuba u Rwanda rukomeje gushora imari mu bikorwa remezo no mu ikoranabuhanga, ibintu bishobora gufasha kugabanya ikiguzi cya serivisi zimwe na zimwe mu gihe kizaza.
Ku baturage bo, ikibazo gikomeje kuba kimwe: uko ubuzima burushaho guhenda, ni na ko hibazwa niba amafaranga binjiza azakomeza kubasha guhangana n’isoko rigenda rihinduka umunsi ku wundi.